chapter 3,9 and 10

Alexander Quesada-Amor 

 

Chapter 3   

 

A culture is a way of how life works and how we interact or behave. We value them on what’s right or wrong, where there from. Ideal Values are the things that members declare to hold. Although Real Values guide real behavior like how the government said that all men and woman are equal in America, people still feel like things are unfair, even with these values that were put on paper for people to follow. Intercultural communication is when people interact with other people who have different cultural background. Culture shock refers to when other people experience unfamiliar culture or set of attitudes. Dominant culture is the most widespread or influential culture within the social or political entity in which multiple cultures are represented by how they talk, what god or religion they believe in, and the social value and social custom. Co culture is a group people within a leader culture who hold usual values, beliefs, and attitudes. Code-switch is a podcast in different languages and cultures. cultural identity is a feeling where you feel like you belong to a group. It is like a person's personality and self-image and is related to any other nationality, ethnicity, religion, social class or any kind of social group that has its own distinct culture. Ethnicity is a social group that has national or their cultural traditions. A Native language is a language where people feel comfortable speaking in. Sex and gender refer to the expressions and identities of a man, woman, boy, and girl. A religion is the belief or worship of a higher power (or higher powers). A socioeconomic status is a class with high, middle, and low class, people in higher class would most likely be very wealthy. disability is mental condition that affects a person, activities sense, or movement. Individualistic cultures values personal freedoms, beliefs, and responsibilities. Collective culture is where other people with different culture’s express their own culture proudly. low-context culture is when people who communicate that information in direct or precise way. Chronemics is how the time work among different culture. Monochronic culture look at time as in small units that form in a sequence. In Polychronic Culture in their power they do multiple things at the same time. Uncertainty avoidance Is when people start predicting on what is going to happen. Low uncertainty avoidance culture feels comfortable in an environment that is changeable and try to have some few rules. High Uncertainty avoidance control unpredictable people with low tolerance and high need. Power distance Is where members of a culture accept that power will possibly be equal or the opposite one way or the other. High power distance culture is when a distribution of power who got accepted by both size the low and the higher holders. Low power distance culture members rather have so much power to be equally. Masculine culture believes that each of the two genders should stick to gender roles. Famine cultures both genders were expected to be look after and be cared. the Short term-oriented culture shows that the static rewards in the here and now, make quick results. Long-term oriented culture marks the future rewards it’ll eventually be realized after a steady resolve toward a mutually acceptable result. Anxiety is where people got a feeling of worriedness, nervousness or unease. Assumed similarity/difference refers to our expectations of the norm from other culture, whether similar or different.  Ethnocentrism is when a person who believe that one’s own culture is superior to others. Stereotyping is when other people assume that other cultures look the same. When other speak a different language than we do that thing was called Incompatible communication codes. Formal study you can learn thing from other culture by reading book, searching it up in a web site or visiting other country. Observation is when someone watch a culture, or a co-culture interact while learning their culture. Immersion you could learn a thing or two about culture by participating in it. Tolerate ambiguity is when someone is staying in an uncertainty, or your holding a question, that you always wanted to ask despite the discomfort. Be open-minded people who are open minded is aware of their own culture norms and values. altruistic altruismis is when people care want free welfare for another citizen. Practice listening is when People often ask questions while listening. Practice Intercultural Empathy Is when you Image yourself in a other person culture world and start experiencing on what he or she is experiencing. Develop Flexibility is a ability  where You adjust your communication to relate to the other person and the situation. 

 

Communication in group chapters 9 

 

Group is a Collection is where 3- 20 people, join into a collaboration. Group comms is a interaction where members sent there information among there members. Families A group of people where you feel home with a person or feel close with. Social groups people who care about other citizens welfare. Support group  is a safe environment where u share your person feeling to people who care about you. Interest groups: is when people come together based on the same hobbies or topic there interested in. Service group Are people who come together and raised money to help organizations. Work group a group that is trying to finished the task they were doing. Work group team members when they hold themselves accountable. Heterogeneous group: is a classroom of  students with diverse knowledge , value, interests and perspective Homogeneous group when a member share similar knowledge of interests, value and perspective. Work team goal is where u motivate a group to work. Virtual Group: An online meeting place where people use technology to communicate with each other rather then physically. Members of a virtual group can be far from each other physically yet with technology, can still communicate.Social Information Processing Theory: A theory that suggests that online relationships take much more time to develop then Face-to-Face Relationships. Healthy Groups Groups that are characterized by ethical or health goals, along with productive norms, interdependent, and accountability. Interdependent Groups Groups where members rely on each other in order to accomplish a single goal. Team-Building Activities activities in a group that are designed that are designed to develop trust amongst the group’s members. 

Norms Something that is typical, usual, or standard to a group and is expected amongst the members of a group.Ground Rules Rules that members are told to follow so that the group can meet it’s goals. Accountability is when every group member who are held Responsible for adhering to the group norms . Synergy A group of individuals that is working together that results in a combined effort. Forming The first stage of group development, where members of the group learn about the challenges and opportunities, and begins to tackle the tasks at hand. Storming Stage The second stage of group development, characterized by conflict as members try to sort themselves out and gain each other’s trust. Groupthink When the desire for conformation and decision making as a group leads to a deterioration of creativity, moral judgement, and mental efficiency. Performing The fourth stage of group development, when members of a group are more knowledgeable and competent, and now can handle the decision making process with supervision. 

Adjourning The fifth stage of group development, when the task is complete and group is broken up. Pseudo-Conflict When members of a group actually agree on something, but think they don’t due to poor communication. Issue-Related Group  When the opinion, goals, or ideas of two or more members are incomplete. 

Personality-Related Group Conflict  Conflict during group development, where members feel as if they’re being attacked by another, thus become defensive. 

 

 

 

Chapter 

Chapter 10 

 

 

 

 Leadership is when a individual influence the group of citizens. Formal leader an individual who over see there group process. Informal emergent leaders: Lead the member of the group to Accomplish different. Leader ship functions Share Leadership functions is a Group member who perform to maintain the work of the project’s. Role is a behaviour that a Group members performs to just point out the needs of the group at the given point.Task leadership roles  help the group to process or they could apply info that Complete the task/goal. Givers giver they give out informations and opinion they also Provide content for the discussion Group members who perform this role are well informed on the content. Seekers Members who seek the opinions or ideas of other group members. Analyzers Members who help a group examine content or group processes thoroughly. They can help members understand hidden assumptions in their statements and question what a member says. They may encourage members to continue giving more information. Maintenance Roles actions made by individuals that help maintain and preserve the relationships in the group. Supporters Members who encourage others to give their opinions using positive and encouraging body language or words. Ex: If a member gives his opinion, a supporter will nod or smile, or may say something like “that is a great opinion! Thank you for sharing! Anyone else? Interpreters Members who help other group members understand each other. Interpreters use their knowledge of the cultural and social differences within the group in order to do this. Harmonizers Members who try to resolve any conflict within the group. Tension Relievers Members who relieve any tension within group by means such as humor. Procedural Leadership Roles: Members who record a group’s accomplishments or decision making, while also providing logistic support to a group. Logistic Coordinators Members who provides the needed equipment or supplies in a group and arranges the spaces for group meetings. They also manage other details so that the group can meet its physical needs. Expediters Members who keep track of a group’s objectives or goals, allowing the group to move through its agenda. Gatekeeper make sure that all members get a chance to participate on their projects. recorders take notes Carefully in group Decision and the evidence upon which they’re based on. 

Shared leadership responsibilities 

 

-Be committed to group goal 

-Make sure every member is ahead on their own project 

-always be on track 

-don’t wait till the last minute 

-and manage conflict among members. 

 

Before the meeting 

-Prepare an Agenda or an Organized outline of the information and decision items to be covered. 

-Decide who should attend the meeting 

- manage meeting logistics 

-speak with all participants prior to meeting 

 

 

During meeting 

-Review/Modify agenda 

-Monitor member interactions 

-Monitor time 

-Praise in Public/Reprimand in private 

-check of group is ready to come to a decision periodically 

-Implement group decision rules 

-Summarize decision/assignments 

-set next meeting 

 

 

After meeting 

 

-review meeting outcome process 

-prepare and distribute summary of meeting 

-Repair damaged relationships 

-conduct informal progress reports 

 

Problem definition is where someone is trying to describe a problem. Question of fact is when you're asking a member or a person if the question is true or not. Question of value is when a person asks a member to judge something that is right. Question of policy Regards what actions should be taken to solve a problem. Criteria Standards by which someone or something is judged by.  Brainstorming When a group holds a group discussion to solve problems or produce ideas. Deliverables A service produced from from a project intended for delivery to customers. Written Brief A short document that describes the problem so that the reader could understand. (Unclear. Check this one)Comprehensive Report: A review on the problem.Executive Summary A one page document that summarizes a longer report. Oral Briefs: An orally explained summary of a written brief. Panel Discussions A group problem solving discussion held in front of an audience. Symposium: A conference held before a gathering of people. Group Dynamic When members of a group interact to achieve a goal.